By lowering the melanin present in the skin, chemicals are applied to lighten or equalize the color of the skin.Cosmetic treatments provide skin tone lightening and diminishing dark spots, hyperpigmentation, and variance. Dark spots, melasma, and sun induced freckles due to exposure, acne scars, or hormonal changes are all frequently treated with it. Most whitening creams reduce the production of melanin, the skin tone controlling pigment.